In this case, when calling the function, the value must be replaced with the field value like so:
val(fd.field('FieldName').value);
Or replace value in the PnP function and call the val function without the parameter:
window.val = function validateCC(){
pnp.sp.web.lists.getByTitle("POWERBiV2").items.filter("User_Principle_Name eq '" + fd.field('FieldName').value + "'").get().then(function(items){
if (items.length > 0){
alert("This user already exists, please edit this record below.");
$($(fd.field('User_Principle_Name').$el).find('input')[0]).attr('style', 'border-color: #6CEE5A;');
}
})
}